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Table of Contents

April 2009

Cover

Prioritising the most deadly conditions and risk factors.
Issue Image

In the editorial for April's issue the PLoS Medicine editors lay out their plans for the future scope of the journal, and specifically their intention to take an evidence-based approach to prioritizing for publication the conditions and risk factors that lead to the greatest losses in years of healthy life worldwide. In addition, the journal will specifically seek to publish papers that have relevance across a range of settings and that address the major environmental, social, and political determinants of health, as well as the biological. The editorial concludes, "We believe our new, evidence-based approach will not only ensure that open-access publishing reflects the health priorities of the 21st century, but will also reaffirm and revitalize the long tradition of medical journals leading, rather than following, the debate over research priorities." The image, a montage by Lizzy Parisotto, illustrates many of these priorities.

Image Credit: Lizzy Parisotto, PLoS. Orange: Umberto Salvagnin 2008. Food Aid: New Ways Merka at Wikimedia 2008. Pregnant woman and child: Valarie Apperson at Flickr.com 2008. Hands with Drugs: Brendan Bannon 2007. Pills/leaf: Dr. Johannes Friesen. Hospital: Rod Escombe. X-ray: Ninette Amariglio.

Editorial

A Medical Journal for the World's Health Priorities

The PLoS Medicine Editors

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000072

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Essay

The Millennium Development Goals Fail Poor Children: The Case for Equity-Adjusted Measures

Daniel D. Reidpath, Chantal M. Morel, Jeffrey W. Mecaskey, Pascale Allotey

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000062

Perspectives

The Role of Rapid Diagnostic Tests in Managing Malaria

Zeno Bisoffi, Federico Gobbi, Andrea Angheben, Jef Van den Ende

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000063

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Mapping the Spread of Malaria Drug Resistance

Tim Anderson

PLOS Medicine: published April 14, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000054

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What Is the Significance of Unrecognized Non-Q-Wave Myocardial Infarction?

Clara Kayei Chow

PLOS Medicine: published April 21, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000060

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Mapping Antibody Epitopes of the Avian H5N1 Influenza Virus

Hui-Ling Yen, J. S. Malik Peiris

PLOS Medicine: published April 21, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000064

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Health in Action

Rapid Scale-Up of Antiretroviral Treatment in Ethiopia: Successes and System-Wide Effects

Yibeltal Assefa, Degu Jerene, Sileshi Lulseged, Gorik Ooms, Wim Van Damme

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000056

A Compendium of Potential Biomarkers of Pancreatic Cancer

H. C. Harsha, Kumaran Kandasamy, Prathibha Ranganathan, Sandhya Rani, Subhashri Ramabadran, Sashikanth Gollapudi, Lavanya Balakrishnan, Sutopa B. Dwivedi, Deepthi Telikicherla, Lakshmi Dhevi N. Selvan, Renu Goel, Suresh Mathivanan, Arivusudar Marimuthu, Manoj Kashyap, Robert F. Vizza, Robert J. Mayer, James A. DeCaprio, Sudhir Srivastava, Samir M. Hanash, Ralph H. Hruban, Akhilesh Pandey

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Policy Forum

Global Health Actors Claim To Support Health System Strengthening—Is This Reality or Rhetoric?

Bruno Marchal, Anna Cavalli, Guy Kegels

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000059

Research in Translation

Tools for Assessing Neuropathic Pain

Giorgio Cruccu, Andrea Truini

PLOS Medicine: published April 7, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000045

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Learning Forum

Prolonged Fever, Hepatosplenomegaly, and Pancytopenia in a 46-Year-Old Woman

Liran Levy, Abedelmajeed Nasereddin, Moshe Rav-Acha, Meirav Kedmi, Deborah Rund, Moshe E. Gatt

PLOS Medicine: published April 14, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000053

Research Articles

The Preventable Causes of Death in the United States: Comparative Risk Assessment of Dietary, Lifestyle, and Metabolic Risk Factors

Goodarz Danaei, Eric L. Ding, Dariush Mozaffarian, Ben Taylor, Jürgen Rehm, Christopher J. L. Murray, Majid Ezzati

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000058

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Mortality of HIV-Infected Patients Starting Antiretroviral Therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Comparison with HIV-Unrelated Mortality

Martin W. G. Brinkhof, Andrew Boulle, Ralf Weigel, Eugène Messou, Colin Mathers, Catherine Orrell, François Dabis, Margaret Pascoe, Matthias Egger, for the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000066

Influence of Rapid Malaria Diagnostic Tests on Treatment and Health Outcome in Fever Patients, Zanzibar—A Crossover Validation Study

Mwinyi I. Msellem, Andreas Mårtensson, Guida Rotllant, Achuyt Bhattarai, Johan Strömberg, Elizeus Kahigwa, Montse Garcia, Max Petzold, Peter Olumese, Abdullah Ali, Anders Björkman

PLOS Medicine: published April 28, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000070

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Multiple Origins and Regional Dispersal of Resistant dhps in African Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Richard J. Pearce, Hirva Pota, Marie-Solange B. Evehe, El-Hadj Bâ, Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma, Allen L. Malisa, Rosalynn Ord, Walter Inojosa, Alexandre Matondo, Diadier A. Diallo, Wilfred Mbacham, Ingrid V. van den Broek, Todd D. Swarthout, Asefaw Getachew, Seyoum Dejene, Martin P. Grobusch, Fanta Njie, Samuel Dunyo, Margaret Kweku, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Daniel Chandramohan, Maryline Bonnet, Jean-Paul Guthmann, Sian Clarke, Karen I. Barnes, Elizabeth Streat, Stark T. Katokele, Petrina Uusiku, Chris O. Agboghoroma, Olufunmilayo Y. Elegba, Badara Cissé, Ishraga E. A-Elbasit, Hayder A. Giha, S. Patrick Kachur, Caroline Lynch, John B. Rwakimari, Pascalina Chanda, Moonga Hawela, Brian Sharp, Inbarani Naidoo, Cally Roper

PLOS Medicine: published April 14, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000055

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Unrecognized Non-Q-Wave Myocardial Infarction: Prevalence and Prognostic Significance in Patients with Suspected Coronary Disease

Han W. Kim, Igor Klem, Dipan J. Shah, Edwin Wu, Sheridan N. Meyers, Michele A. Parker, Anna Lisa Crowley, Robert O. Bonow, Robert M. Judd, Raymond J. Kim

PLOS Medicine: published April 21, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000057

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Antigenic Fingerprinting of H5N1 Avian Influenza Using Convalescent Sera and Monoclonal Antibodies Reveals Potential Vaccine and Diagnostic Targets

Surender Khurana, Amorsolo L. Suguitan Jr., Yonaira Rivera, Cameron P. Simmons, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Federica Sallusto, Jody Manischewitz, Lisa R. King, Kanta Subbarao, Hana Golding

PLOS Medicine: published April 21, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000049

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A Novel Tool for the Assessment of Pain: Validation in Low Back Pain

Joachim Scholz, Richard J. Mannion, Daniela E. Hord, Robert S. Griffin, Bhupendra Rawal, Hui Zheng, Daniel Scoffings, Amanda Phillips, Jianli Guo, Rodney J. C. Laing, Salahadin Abdi, Isabelle Decosterd, Clifford J. Woolf

PLOS Medicine: published April 7, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000047

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