About the Authors

Lily Yang

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada

Marie-Claude Boily

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Medical Research Council Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Minttu M. Rönn

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana

Imran Morhason-Bello

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Institute of Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Nicolas Meda

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Olga Lompo

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre de Recherche Internationale en Santé, Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Philippe Mayaud

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Michael Pickles

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Medical Research Council Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Marc Brisson

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada; Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada

Caroline Hodgins

Roles Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada

Sinead Delany-Moretlwe

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Mathieu Maheu-Giroux

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

mathieu.maheu-giroux@mcgill.ca

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.