About the Authors

Carlos King Ho Wong

Contributed equally to this work with: Carlos King Ho Wong, Kristy Tsz Kwan Lau

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, Hong Kong SAR, China

Kristy Tsz Kwan Lau

Contributed equally to this work with: Carlos King Ho Wong, Kristy Tsz Kwan Lau

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Xi Xiong

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Ivan Chi Ho Au

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai

Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, Hong Kong SAR, China

Eric Yuk Fai Wan

Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, Hong Kong SAR, China

Celine Sze Ling Chui

Roles Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, Hong Kong SAR, China, School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Xue Li

Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, Hong Kong SAR, China, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Esther Wai Yin Chan

Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, Hong Kong SAR, China

Le Gao

Roles Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Franco Wing Tak Cheng

Roles Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Sydney Chi Wai Tang

Roles Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Ian Chi Kei Wong

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

wongick@hku.hk

Affiliations Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks, Hong Kong SAR, China, Centre for Medicines Optimisation Research and Education, Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: CKHW reports receipt of research funding from the EuroQoL Group Research Foundation, the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, and the Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund; FTTL has been supported by the RGC Postdoctoral Fellowship under the Hong Kong Research Grants Council; EYFW has received research grants from the Food and Health Bureau of the Government of the Hong Kong SAR, and the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, outside the submitted work; CSLC has received grants from the Food and Health Bureau of the Hong Kong Government, Hong Kong Research Grant Council, Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission, Pfizer, IQVIA, and Amgen, personal fee from Primevigilance Ltd., outside the submitted work; XL has received research grants from the Food and Health Bureau of the Government of the Hong Kong SAR, research and educational grants from Janssen and Pfizer, internal funding from University of Hong Kong, consultancy fee from Merck Sharp & Dohme, unrelated to this work; EWYC reports grants from Research Grants Council (RGC, Hong Kong), grants from Research Fund Secretariat of the Food and Health Bureau, grants from National Natural Science Fund of China, grants from Wellcome Trust, grants from Bayer, grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, grants from Pfizer, grants from Janssen, grants from Amgen, grants from Takeda, grants from Narcotics Division of the Security Bureau of HKSAR and honorarium from Hospital Authority, outside the submitted work; SCWT reports research funding outside the submitted work from the Hong Kong RGC, and the Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund, and National Natural Science Fund of China; ICKW reports research funding outside the submitted work from Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Janssen, Bayer, GSK, Novartis, the Hong Kong RGC, and the Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund, National Institute for Health Research in England, European Commission, National Health and Medical Research Council in Australia, and also received speaker fees from Janssen and Medice in the previous 3 years; KTKL, XX, ICHA, LG, and FWTC report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript. Authors who report research funding or grants from Pfizer outside the submitted work have no financial conflict of interests to the current study.