About the Authors

Danny J. N. Wong

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations UCL/UCLH Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Centre for Perioperative Medicine, Department for Targeted Intervention, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Health Services Research Centre, National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, United Kingdom

Steve Harris

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Arun Sahni

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations UCL/UCLH Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Centre for Perioperative Medicine, Department for Targeted Intervention, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Health Services Research Centre, National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, United Kingdom

James R. Bedford

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations UCL/UCLH Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Centre for Perioperative Medicine, Department for Targeted Intervention, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Health Services Research Centre, National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, United Kingdom

Laura Cortes

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Health Services Research Centre, National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, United Kingdom

Richard Shawyer

Roles Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Lay representative, United Kingdom

Andrew M. Wilson

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand

Helen A. Lindsay

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand

Doug Campbell

Roles Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand

Scott Popham

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia

Lisa M. Barneto

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Wellington Regional Hospital, Capital & Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand

Paul S. Myles

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

SNAP-2: EPICCS collaborators

A full list of collaborators and their affiliations is included in the supporting information (S12 Text).

S. Ramani Moonesinghe

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ramani.moonesinghe@nhs.net

Affiliations UCL/UCLH Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, Centre for Perioperative Medicine, Department for Targeted Intervention, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Health Services Research Centre, National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.