About the Authors

Bassel H. Al Wattar

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom

Julie Dodds

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Anna Placzek

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Lee Beresford

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Eleni Spyreli

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Amanda Moore

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, United Kingdom

Francisco J. Gonzalez Carreras

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Frances Austin

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Maternity Dietetic Service, Women’s and Children’s Services, Barts NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

Nilaani Murugesu

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Tessa J. Roseboom

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Maira Bes-Rastrollo

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain

Graham A. Hitman

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Barts Diabetes and Obesity Research Group, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Richard Hooper

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Khalid S. Khan

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, Multidisciplinary Evidence Synthesis Hub (mEsh), Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom

Shakila Thangaratinam

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

s.thangaratinam@qmul.ac.uk

Affiliations BARC (Barts Research Centre for Women’s Health), Women's Health Research Unit, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, Multidisciplinary Evidence Synthesis Hub (mEsh), Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom

for the ESTEEM study group

Membership of the ESTEEM study group is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.