About the Authors

Luca A. Lotta

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Robert A. Scott

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Stephen J. Sharp

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Stephen Burgess

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Jian’an Luan

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Therese Tillin

Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Amand F. Schmidt

Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Fumiaki Imamura

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Isobel D. Stewart

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

John R. B. Perry

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Luke Marney

Affiliation MRC Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Albert Koulman

Affiliation MRC Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Edward D. Karoly

Affiliation Metabolon, Morrisville, North Carolina, United States of America

Nita G. Forouhi

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Rasmus J. O. Sjögren

Affiliation Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Erik Näslund

Affiliation Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Juleen R. Zierath

Affiliations Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Anna Krook

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

David B. Savage

Affiliation Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Julian L. Griffin

Affiliations MRC Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Nishi Chaturvedi

Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Aroon D. Hingorani

Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Kay-Tee Khaw

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Inês Barroso

Affiliations Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Mark I. McCarthy

Affiliation Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Stephen O’Rahilly

Affiliation Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Nicholas J. Wareham

Nick.Wareham@mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk (NJW); Claudia.Langenberg@mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk (CL)

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Claudia Langenberg

Nick.Wareham@mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk (NJW); Claudia.Langenberg@mrc-epid.cam.ac.uk (CL)

Affiliation MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

CL receives a stipend as a specialty consulting editor for PLOS Medicine and serves on the journal's editorial board. MIM is a member of the Editorial Board of PLOS Medicine. MIM is a member of advisory boards for NovoNordisk and Pfizer. MIM received honoraria for speaking engagements: NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Eli Lilly. MIM receives research funding from: NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Takeda, Servier, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Merck, Roche, Astra-Zeneca. EDK is an employee of Metabolon Inc., a fee-for-service metabolomics provider and received salary and stock options as compensation. IB and her spouse own stock in GlaxoSmithKline and Incyte Corporation. SB acts as an occasional paid statistical referee for PLOS Medicine, however had no reviewer role in this paper. The other authors report no conflict of interest relative to this study.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: LAL RAS NJW CL. Formal analysis: LAL RAS SJS SB JAL TT AFS IDS JRBP. Funding acquisition: RAS NJW CL. Investigation: LAL RAS SJS SB JL TT AFS FI IDS JRBP LM AK EDK NGF RJOS EN JRZ AK DBS JLG NC ADH KK IB MIM SOR NJW CL. Methodology: LAL RAS SJS SB JL TT AFS FI IDS JRBP LM AK EDK NGF RJOS EN JRZ AK DBS JLG NC ADH KK IB MIM SOR NJW CL. Project administration: LAL CL. Resources: LAL RAS SJS SB JL TT AFS FI IDS JRBP LM AK EDK NGF RJOS EN JRZ AK DBS JLG NC ADH KK IB MIM SOR NJW CL. Supervision: NJW CL. Visualization: LAL RAS CL. Writing – original draft: LAL CL. Writing – review & editing: LAL RAS SJS SB JL TT AFS FI IDS JRBP LM AK EDK NGF RJOS EN JRZ AK DBS JLG NC ADH KK IB MIM SOR NJW CL.