About the Authors

Daouda Sissoko

Affiliations Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

Cedric Laouenan

Affiliations Inserm, IAME, UMR 1137, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France

Elin Folkesson

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Abdoul-Bing M’Lebing

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Abdoul-Habib Beavogui

Affiliation Centre de Recherche en Santé Rurale, Maférinya, Guinea

Sylvain Baize

Affiliations Institut Pasteur, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France, Inserm, Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux, Lyon, France

Alseny-Modet Camara

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Piet Maes

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium

Susan Shepherd

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Christine Danel

Affiliations Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal, Programme PACCI, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Sara Carazo

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Mamoudou N. Conde

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Jean-Luc Gala

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Belgian Ministry of Defense, Brussels, Belgium

Géraldine Colin

Affiliations Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, Programme PACCI, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, Croix Rouge Française, Paris, France

Hélène Savini

Affiliation Service de Santé des Armées, Paris, France

Joseph Akoi Bore

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea

Frederic Le Marcis

Affiliation Ecole Normale Supérieure, Lyon, France

Fara Raymond Koundouno

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea

Frédéric Petitjean

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Marie-Claire Lamah

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Sandra Diederich

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Friedrich Loeffler Institute–Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany

Alexis Tounkara

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Geertrui Poelart

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Emmanuel Berbain

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Jean-Michel Dindart

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Sophie Duraffour

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium

Annabelle Lefevre

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Tamba Leno

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Olivier Peyrouset

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Léonid Irenge

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Belgian Ministry of Defense, Brussels, Belgium

N’Famara Bangoura

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Romain Palich

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Julia Hinzmann

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

Annette Kraus

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden

Thierno Sadou Barry

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Sakoba Berette

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

André Bongono

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Mohamed Seto Camara

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Valérie Chanfreau Munoz

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Lanciné Doumbouya

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Souley Harouna

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Patient Mumbere Kighoma

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Fara Roger Koundouno

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Réné Lolamou

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Cécé Moriba Loua

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Vincent Massala

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Kinda Moumouni

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Célia Provost

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Nenefing Samake

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Conde Sekou

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Abdoulaye Soumah

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Isabelle Arnould

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Michel Saa Komano

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Lina Gustin

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Carlotta Berutto

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Diarra Camara

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Fodé Saydou Camara

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Joliene Colpaert

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Léontine Delamou

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Lena Jansson

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Etienne Kourouma

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Maurice Loua

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Kristian Malme

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Emma Manfrin

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

André Maomou

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Adele Milinouno

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Sien Ombelet

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Aboubacar Youla Sidiboun

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Isabelle Verreckt

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Pauline Yombouno

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Anne Bocquin

Affiliation Inserm, Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux, Lyon, France

Caroline Carbonnelle

Affiliation Inserm, Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux, Lyon, France

Thierry Carmoi

Affiliation Service de Santé des Armées, Paris, France

Pierre Frange

Affiliation Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker–Enfants Malades, Paris, France

Stéphane Mely

Affiliation Inserm, Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux, Lyon, France

Vinh-Kim Nguyen

Affiliation Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

Delphine Pannetier

Affiliation Inserm, Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux, Lyon, France

Anne-Marie Taburet

Affiliation Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Paris, France

Jean-Marc Treluyer

Affiliation Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker–Enfants Malades, Paris, France

Jacques Kolie

Affiliation Centre de Recherche en Santé Rurale, Maférinya, Guinea

Raoul Moh

Affiliations Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, Programme PACCI, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Minerva Cervantes Gonzalez

Affiliations Inserm, IAME, UMR 1137, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France

Eeva Kuisma

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Public Health England, Porton Down, United Kingdom

Britta Liedigk

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Didier Ngabo

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Public Health England, Porton Down, United Kingdom

Martin Rudolf

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Ruth Thom

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Public Health England, Porton Down, United Kingdom

Romy Kerber

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Martin Gabriel

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Antonino Di Caro

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “L. Spallanzani,” Rome, Italy

Roman Wölfel

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany

Jamal Badir

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

Mostafa Bentahir

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Belgian Ministry of Defense, Brussels, Belgium

Yann Deccache

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Belgian Ministry of Defense, Brussels, Belgium

Catherine Dumont

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Belgian Ministry of Defense, Brussels, Belgium

Jean-François Durant

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Karim El Bakkouri

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Marie Gasasira Uwamahoro

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Benjamin Smits

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Nora Toufik

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

Stéphane Van Cauwenberghe

Affiliations Biological Light Fieldable Laboratory for Emergencies (B-LiFE)/Belgian First Aid and Support (B-FAST), Brussels, Belgium, Belgian Ministry of Defense, Brussels, Belgium

Khaled Ezzedine

Affiliation Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

Eric Dortenzio

Affiliation Solidarité Thérapeutique et Initiatives pour la Santé (Solthis), Paris, France

Louis Pizarro

Affiliation Solidarité Thérapeutique et Initiatives pour la Santé (Solthis), Paris, France

Aurélie Etienne

Affiliations Inserm, IAME, UMR 1137, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France

Jérémie Guedj

Affiliations Inserm, IAME, UMR 1137, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France

Alexandra Fizet

Affiliations Institut Pasteur, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France, Inserm, Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux, Lyon, France

Eric Barte de Sainte Fare

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Bernadette Murgue

Affiliation Inserm, Paris, France

Tuan Tran-Minh

Affiliation Croix Rouge Française, Paris, France

Christophe Rapp

Affiliation Service de Santé des Armées, Paris, France

Pascal Piguet

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Marc Poncin

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Bertrand Draguez

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Thierry Allaford Duverger

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Solenne Barbe

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Guillaume Baret

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Isabelle Defourny

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Miles Carroll

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Public Health England, Porton Down, United Kingdom, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Hervé Raoul

Affiliation Inserm, Laboratoire P4 Jean Mérieux, Lyon, France

Augustin Augier

Affiliation ALIMA, Dakar, Senegal

Serge P. Eholie

Affiliations Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, Programme PACCI, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Yazdan Yazdanpanah

Affiliation Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France

Claire Levy-Marchal

Affiliation Inserm, Paris, France

Annick Antierrens

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Michel Van Herp

Affiliation Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique, Brussels, Belgium

Stephan Günther

Affiliations European Mobile Laboratory Project, Hamburg, Germany, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Xavier de Lamballerie

Affiliation Université Aix Marseille, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique, EPV, Marseille, France

Sakoba Keïta

Affiliation Cellule de Coordination Nationale de Lutte contre la Maladie à Virus Ebola, Conakry, Guinea

France Mentre

Affiliations Inserm, IAME, UMR 1137, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France

Xavier Anglaret

Contributed equally to this work with: Xavier Anglaret, Denis Malvy

Xavier.Anglaret@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr (XA); Denis.Malvy@chu-bordeaux.fr (DM)

Affiliations Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, Programme PACCI, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Denis Malvy

Contributed equally to this work with: Xavier Anglaret, Denis Malvy

Xavier.Anglaret@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr (XA); Denis.Malvy@chu-bordeaux.fr (DM)

Affiliations Inserm, UMR 1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

JIKI Study Group

All authors are members of the JIKI Study Group.

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: SB, XdL, HR, and SG received a grant from St Luke International University (Tokyo, Japan) to perform research on favipiravir in non-human primates. YY declared board membership for AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, MSD, Roche, Johnson&Johnson, ViiV Healthcare, Pfizer, and consultancy for AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, MSD, Roche, Johnson&Johnson, ViiV Healthcare, and Pfizer. OP worked for Fab'entech biotechnology from 1st April to 13th November 2015. Between January 2014 and now, SC received a grant from the CHU de Québec research center, which had no relationship with the trial described in the paper. All other authors declared no conflict of interest.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DS CL SBai BD ID MC HR AAu SPE YY CLM AAn SG XDL SK FM XA DM RKe MG. Performed the experiments: DS CL EF ABM AHB AMC SS CDa SC MNC GC HS FP MCL AT GP EB JMD AL TL OP NFB RP TSB SBe ABon MSC VCM LDo SH PMK FRK RL CML VM KMo CP NS CS AS IA MSK LG CB DC FSC JC LDe LJa EKo ML KMa EM AMa AMi SO AYS DVH IV PY JK PP TAD SBar GB XA DM SBai PM JAB FLM RKo SDi SDu JH AK ABoc CC TC PF SM VKN DP AMT JMT RM MCG EKu BL DN MR RT JB MB YD CDu JFD KEB MGU BS NT SVC ED LP JG AF EBSF BM TTM CR MP MC SG XDL MVH LIr. Analyzed the data: DS CL SBai AE JG SK XA DM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SBai PM JAB FLM RKo SDi SDu JH AK ABoc CC TC PF SM VKN DP AMT JMT RM MCG EKu BL DN MR RT JB MB YD CDu JFD KEB MGU BS NT SVC ED LP JG AF EBSF BM TTM CR MP MC SG XDL LIr RW RKe ADC MG. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: DS CL FM XA DM. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: DS CL EF ABM AHB SBai AMC SS CDa SC JLG GC AL RM MCG PP HR AAu SPE YY CLM SG XDL SK FM XA DM KE MVH RW. Enrolled patients: DS CL EF ABM AHB AMC SS CDa SC MNC GC HS FP MCL AT GP EB JMD AL TL OP NFB RP TSB SBe ABon MSC VCM LDo SH PMK FRK RL CML VM KMo CP NS CS AS IA MSK LG CB DC FSC JC LDe LJa EKo ML KMa EM AMa AMi SO AYS DVH IV PY JK PP TAD SBar GB XA DM. Agree with the manuscript’s results and conclusions: DS CL EF ABM AHB SBai AMC PM SS CDa SC MNC JLG GC HS JAB FLM RKo FP MCL SDi AT GP EB JMD SDu AL TL OP LIr NFB RP JH AK TSB SBe ABon MSC VCM LDo SH PMK FRK RL CML VM KMo CP NS CS AS IA MSK LG CB DC FSC JC LDe LJa EKo ML KMa EM AMa AMi SO AYS DVH IV PY ABoc CC TC PF SM VKN DP AMT JMT JK RM MCG EKu BL DN MR RT JB MB YD CDu JFD KEB MGU BS NT SVC ED LP AE JG AF EBSF BM TTM CR PP MP BD TAD SBar GB ID MC HR AAu SPE YY CLM AAn SG XDL SK FM XA DM KE MVH RW RKe ADC MG. All authors are members of the JIKI Study Group. All authors have read, and confirm that they meet, ICMJE criteria for authorship.