About the Authors

Ge Zhang

Ge.Zhang@cchmc.org (GZ); Louis.Muglia@cchmc.org (LM)

Affiliations Human Genetics Division, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center Ohio Collaborative, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Jonas Bacelis

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Candice Lengyel

Affiliation Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center Ohio Collaborative, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Kari Teramo

Affiliation Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Mikko Hallman

Affiliation PEDEGO Research Center, University of Oulu and Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Øyvind Helgeland

Affiliation KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Stefan Johansson

Affiliations KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Ronny Myhre

Affiliation Department of Genes and Environment, Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway

Verena Sengpiel

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Pål Rasmus Njølstad

Affiliations KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Bo Jacobsson

Affiliations Department of Genes and Environment, Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden

Louis Muglia

Ge.Zhang@cchmc.org (GZ); Louis.Muglia@cchmc.org (LM)

Affiliation Center for Prevention of Preterm Birth, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center Ohio Collaborative, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GZ JB CL BJ LM. Performed the experiments: GZ JB CL BJ LM. Analyzed the data: GZ JB CL LM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GZ JB KT MH PRN BJ LM. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: GZ JB CL LM. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: GZ JB CL KT MH ØH SJ RM VS PRN BJ LM. Enrolled patients: KT MH BJ PRN. Agree with the manuscript’s results and conclusions: GZ JB CL KT MH ØH SJ RM VS PRN BJ LM. All authors have read, and confirm that they meet, ICMJE criteria for authorship.