About the Authors

Ruth Brauer

Ruth.brauer@lshtm.ac.uk

Affiliation Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Krishnan Bhaskaran

Affiliation Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Nishi Chaturvedi

Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom

David T. Dexter

Affiliation Centre for Neuroinflammation & Neurodegeneration, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Liam Smeeth

Affiliation Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Ian Douglas

Affiliation Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: LS has received research funding from GSK and ID has consulted for, and holds stock in, GSK.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RB KB NC DTD LS ID. Analyzed the data: RB ID KB. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: RB KB NC DTD LS ID. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: RB. Agree with the manuscript’s results and conclusions: RB KB NC DTD LS ID. All authors have read, and confirm that they meet, ICMJE criteria for authorship.