About the Authors

Thomas B. Campbell

thomas.campbell@ucdenver.edu

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States of America

Laura M. Smeaton

Affiliation Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

N. Kumarasamy

Affiliation YRG Centre for AIDS Research & Education, Chennai, India

Timothy Flanigan

Affiliation Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America

Karin L. Klingman

Affiliation National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Cynthia Firnhaber

Affiliation Clinical HIV Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Beatriz Grinsztejn

Affiliation Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Mina C. Hosseinipour

Affiliation Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi

Johnstone Kumwenda

Affiliation Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi

Umesh Lalloo

Affiliation Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, Durban, South Africa

Cynthia Riviere

Affiliation Institut Nacional de laboratoire et de Recherches, Port-au-Prince, Haiti

Jorge Sanchez

Affiliation Asociación Civil Impacta Salud y Educación, Lima, Peru

Marineide Melo

Affiliation Servico de Infectology, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceicao-GHC, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Khuanchai Supparatpinyo

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Srikanth Tripathy

Affiliation National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India

Ana I. Martinez

Affiliation National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Apsara Nair

Affiliation Frontier Science & Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ann Walawander

Affiliation Frontier Science & Technology Research Foundation, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America

Laura Moran

Affiliation Social & Scientific Systems, Inc, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Yun Chen

Affiliation Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Wendy Snowden

Affiliation GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America

James F. Rooney

Affiliation Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States of America

Jonathan Uy

Affiliation Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Plainsboro, New Jersey, United States of America

Robert T. Schooley

Affiliation University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States of America

Victor De Gruttola

Affiliation Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

James Gita Hakim

Membership of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group PEARLS Team is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Affiliation University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe

Competing Interests

TBC has received payments for lectures from, and served as a consultant for GlaxoSmithKline. TF has stock ownership in Abbot, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline and has served as a consultant for Gilead Sciences. WS is an employee of GlaxoSmithKline. JFR is an employee and stockholder of Gilead Sciences. JU is an employee of Bristol-Myers Squibb. RTS has served as a consultant to GlaxoSmithKline, Gilead Sciences, Merck and Bristol-Myers Squibb. RTS has served as a member of Data and Safety Monitoring Boards for Gilead Sciences and had research contracts with Merck and Bristol-Myers Squibb. LMS, KLK, CF, BG, MCH, JK, UL, CR, JS, MM, KS, ST, AIM, AN, AW, LM, YC, VDG and JGH declare no conflicts of interest.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TBC LMS NK TF KLK BG MCH JK UL KS ST AIM AN AW RTS VDG JGH. Performed the experiments: TBC NK TF KLK CF BG MCH JK UL CR JS MM KS ST AIM AN AW LM RTS JGH. Analyzed the data: LMS VDG YC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WS JFR JU. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: TBC. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: TBC LMS NK TF KLK CF BG MCH JK UL CR JS MM KS ST AIM LM YC WS JFR JU RTS VDG JGH. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: TBC LMS NK TF KLK CF BG MCH JK UL CR JS MM KS ST AIM AN AW LM YC WS JFR JU RTS VDG JGH. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: TBC LMS NK TF KLK CF BG MCH JK UL CR JS MM KS ST AIM AN AW LM YC WS JFR JU RTS VDG JGH. Enrolled patients: TBC NK TF CF BG MCH JK UL CR JS MM KS ST RTS JGH.