About the Authors

Ephata E. Kaaya

Affiliation Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Sarah B. Macfarlane

macfarlane@globalhealth.ucsf.edu

Affiliation University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Charles A. Mkony

Affiliation Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Eligius F. Lyamuya

Affiliation Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Helen Loeser

Affiliation University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Phyllis Freeman

Affiliation Journal of Public Health Policy, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Edward K. Kirumira

Affiliation Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

Kisali Pallangyo

Affiliation Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Haile T. Debas

Affiliation University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Analyzed the data: EEK SM CM EL HL PF EK KP HD. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: SM HL PF. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: EEK SM CM EL HL PF EK KP HD. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: EEK SM CM EL HL PF EK KP HD. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: EEK SM CM EL HL PF EK KP HD.