About the Authors

Sara D. Adar

sadar@umich.edu

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Ronald Klein

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Barbara E. K. Klein

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Adam A. Szpiro

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Mary Frances Cotch

Affiliation Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Tien Y. Wong

Affiliations Department of Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Marie S. O'Neill

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Sandi Shrager

Affiliation Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore

R. Graham Barr

Affiliation Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America

David S. Siscovick

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Martha L. Daviglus

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine and Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Paul D. Sampson

Affiliation Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Joel D. Kaufman

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

Several authors (SDA, AAS, MSO, RGB, DSS, PDS, and JDK) have received unrestricted grant funding or support on unrestricted grant funds to study related topics from the Environmental Protection Agency, National Institutes of Heath, and/or the Health Effects Institute.

Author Contributions

ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: SDA RK BEKK AAS MFC TYW MSO SS RGB DSS MLD PDS JDK. Agree with the manuscript's results and conclusions: SDA RK BEKK AAS MFC TYW MSO SS RGB DSS MLD PDS JDK. Designed the experiments/the study: SDA MFC DSS JDK. Analyzed the data: SDA AAS SS. Collected data/did experiments for the study: RK BEKK SS RGB MLD. Enrolled patients: RGB MLD. Wrote the first draft of the paper: SDA. Contributed to the writing of the paper: SDA RK BEKK AAS MFC TYW MSO SS RGB DSS MLD PDS JDK. Critically revised manuscript for important intellectual content: BEKK. Developed statistical models: AAS. Helped to develop the collaboration with MESA that led to MESA AIR, and helped obtain funding for MESA AIR from the EPA: DSS. Reviewed the results of various analyses and suggested additional analyses: DSS. Responsible for the spatio-temporal model and estimates of exposure: PDS.