Fig 1.
The 10 rules can be broken down into the categories of planning, understanding, changes, and publishing.
Working with other people’s code is not a step by step process. As you build your understanding of the code, your goals may change and that will influence how, and whether, you make changes.
Fig 2.
An example rough sketch for a text analysis project.
The project involved programmatically downloading data, cleaning that data, analysing it using specific metrics, and producing plots. By sketching it out, you are able to see the general workflow and how different parts of the code can be thought of independently.