Table 1.
Exemplar breast cancer model input parameters by level at which they are modeled in CISNET.
Table 2.
Common outputs of the CISNET breast cancer models.
Fig 1.
The relative reduction in breast cancer mortality (%) by treatment (blue line) and screening (red line) for the (A) ER+, HER2−, (B) ER+, HER2+, (C) ER−, HER2+, and (D) ER−, HER2− molecular subtypes with 95% credible intervals (dashed lines), 1995–2012, Model M. ER, estrogen receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Image source: Plevritis et al., JAMA 2018 [8].
Table 3.
Risk-based screening strategies based on breast cancer family history, polygenic risk score, and family history combined with polygenic risk.
Table 4.
Incremental harm/benefit ratios of various screening strategies (according to screening frequency and age) compared to no screening for average-risk women and women with Down syndrome.
Fig 2.
Harm/benefit ratios for breast cancer screening strategies by screening modality and starting age among childhood cancer survivors.
Shown are estimates for the number of false-positive mammogram results per breast cancer death averted for each screening strategy. For context, the published benchmark estimates for the harm/benefit ratio is shown for average-risk women in the general population undergoing screening based on USPSTF recommendations (biennial mammography between 50 and 74 years of age). A lower ratio indicates a more favorable balance of harms to benefits. GE, Georgetown University Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Mammo, mammography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; USPSTF, US Preventive Services Task Force; WH, University of Wisconsin–Madison and Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Institute. Image source: Yeh et al., Ann Intern Med 2020 [15].
Fig 3.
False-positive mammograms per breast cancer death averted according to age, breast density, and screening frequency among women with average breast cancer risk.
Results shown from Model E compared with the scenario of no mammography screening. Values for women aged 65–74 years assume all women received biennial screening during ages 50–64 years. Image source: Trentham-Dietz et al., Ann Intern Med 2016 [9].