Integrative multi-omics framework for causal gene discovery in Long COVID
Fig 2
Top putative causal genes ranked by their final score .
These genes, obtained from our framework, are sorted horizontally based on their absolute effect size in ascending order and classified vertically across different α values. The parameter α balances the direct effect of genes on the disease () and their network controllability roles (
). At
, the model outputs disease risk (red) and protective (green) genes. As α decreases towards 0, the focus shifts to network driver genes that control the biological system (yellow).