Social imitation dynamics of vaccination driven by vaccine effectiveness and beliefs
Fig 6
Microscopic view of the hysteresis loops arising from the coevolution of vaccine beliefs and uptake behavior.
Shown are hysteresis loops, indicated by the corresponding descending and ascending paths of the equilibrium fractions of individuals grouped into four types based on the combinations of their vaccine beliefs and behavior choices, as a function of ( A) the relative vaccination cost c and ( B) the vaccine effectiveness ε. The equilibrium fraction of individuals with a vaccine-averse attitude who also opt for vaccination is almost zero across the parameter space studied. The proportion of vaccine-averse individuals almost exclusively opt out of vaccination, and their fraction can reach a maximum of around 6% in the population. Parameters: square lattice with von Neumann neighborhood, initial number of infection seeds I0 = 30, initial number of vaccinated
(50%), initial number of vaccine skeptical individuals 1250 (50%), disease transmission rate
, recovery rate
,
, K = 1. ( A) for fixed effectiveness
( B) for fixed c = 0.01. Simulation results are averaged over 150 independent runs.