Feedback parameters for a closed-loop multiple-input multiple-output model of the upper limb
Table 4
The 13 major superficial muscles of the upper limb included in this study, with their associated abbreviations and maximum muscle force values from the literature, as well as our estimates of homonymous GTO feedback gains and afferent and efferent delays. Note that the GTO feedback gains are expressed in units of 10-3 MVC/N (e.g., the gain for Delt Ant is 1.04ยท10-3 MVC/N).