Expectation generation and its effect on subsequent pain and visual perception
Fig 4
Behavioral results, cued-perception task.
(A) Participants’ perception ratings as a function of the mean (x axis) and variance (color) of the cue’s values, in pain and visual trials (column). (B) Participants’ perception ratings as a function of the skewness (x axis and color) of the cue’s values, in pain and visual trials (columns). In panels A and B, bars represent means across participants, error bars represent the standard error of the mean across participants, and points represent single participants. (C) The effect of cue mean (color) on pain and visual contrast ratings over time, for low vs. high stimulus intensity (columns), in pain and visual perception (rows). Error bars represent standard error of the mean across participants. The lines represent the linear fit, and the shading represents 95% CIs of the linear fit. Vertical dashed lines separate between different blocks (note that a new skin site was used for each block, and thus the increase in the averaged pain rating for the first trial of each block stems from site-nonspecific sensitization and site-specific habituation [71]).