Temporal evolution of hemodynamics in murine arteriovenous fistula: A micro-CT based CFD study
Fig 3
Computational model setup and flow rate boundary conditions for murine AVF analysis.
(a) Computational domain, boundary conditions, and mesh configuration. The three-dimensional computational domain represents the murine carotid artery-jugular vein arteriovenous fistula model (day 7 geometry shown). Boundary conditions include: velocity-based inlet conditions at both proximal and distal carotid artery ends derived from ultrasound Doppler measurements, no-slip conditions at all vessel walls, and zero-pressure outlet conditions at the venous exit. The computational mesh consists of tetrahedral elements with five prismatic boundary layers near vessel walls (upper inset) to capture near-wall flow gradients. The lower inset shows detailed mesh refinement at the arteriovenous junction. (b) Flow rate waveforms for boundary condition implementation. Pulsatile flow rate waveforms for the proximal artery (PA) and distal artery (DA) derived from ultrasound Doppler velocity measurements at day 7 and day 21 post-fistula creation. These waveforms serve as time-varying inlet boundary conditions for the computational fluid dynamics simulations, capturing the physiological flow patterns and their temporal evolution during fistula maturation.