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The role of oscillations in grid cells’ toroidal topology

Fig 7

Simulation of a grid cell module from Eq. (3).

(A) Subset of 5 (out of 75) rate maps with spacing similar to . (B) Power spectral density of a single cell simulated spike train showing peaks in the eta (4 Hz) and theta (8 Hz) frequency bands, as constructed in Eq. (3). (C) Barcode from the persistent homology of a population of 75 simulated grid cells show clear toroidal topology. (D) The 3D UMAP embedding of the population activity shows a 3-dimensional torus. The color of each point represents the angle along a chosen axis and it is shown only for visualization.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012776.g007