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Why aphid virus retention needs more attention: Modelling aphid behaviour and virus manipulation in non-persistent plant virus transmission

Fig 2

Multiple Infective Probes (MIP), Behaviour-based Aphid Rated (BAR) and MIP-BAR models.

(a) MIP and MIP-BAR model structures. The MIP model (Eqs 1–4 in main text) has the purple parameters (ϕ, aphid dispersal rate and τ, aphid infectivity loss rate) as constants. The MIP-BAR model (Eqs 24 and 25 in main text) uses the aphid behaviour-based expressions and as shown in the purple boxes. (b & c) BAR model structure. (b) Compartmental model structure (Eqs 11 and 12 in main text). (c) Aphid feeding dispersal Markov chain as introduced by Donnelly et al. [17], the expected value of which, , is fed into the model structure in (b). For all panels, red arrows = virus acquisition by uninfective aphids, blue arrows = plant inoculation by infective aphids. Virus transmission consists of acquisition and inoculation. = the proportion of infected plants weighted by the infected plant attractiveness parameter, v. For definitions of all parameters, see Table 2.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012479.g002