Integrated information theory (IIT) 4.0: Formulating the properties of phenomenal existence in physical terms
Fig 5
Structuring of intrinsic effects by relations.
(A) A single undifferentiated effect has no relations. (B) Likewise, there are no relations among multiple non-overlapping effects. (C) The set of three first-order effects and one third-order effect supports three relations, which bind the effects together. (D) The set of first, second, and third-order effects supports a large number of relations (ten 2-relations (between two effects), six 3-relations, and one 4-relation), which bind the effects in a structure that is ordered sequentially.