Mechanisms of sensorimotor adaptation in a hierarchical state feedback control model of speech
Fig 8
Of the five tongue variables, the first two pertaining to tongue tip are defined as tongue tip dental (TT_Den) and tongue tip alveolar (TT_Alv) constriction degrees, each defined at 42.9° and 58.0° from the left part of the horizontal axis (0°). The tongue body variables are tongue body palatal (TB_Pal), tongue body velar (TB_Vel), and tongue body pharyngeal (TB_Pha) which are defined at 92.4°, 121.1°, and 179.8° respectively. The lip aperture (LA) is defined as the distance between the upper lip and the lower lip. The lip protrusion (LPRO) is the horizontal length of the upper (or lower) lip. Here, the task state of the initial position used for each trial is depicted as an example.