Modeling the progression of Type 2 diabetes with underlying obesity
Fig 5
Altered dynamics of glucose, insulin and functional beta-cell mass level for patient A after taking the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.
The patient is assumed to take the surgery on day 9300 and the obesity-related factor X is postulated to decrease exponentially to zero in approximately a week. The GIβ dynamics with taking the Roux-en-Y surgery are plotted in solid curves and the dashed curves represent the expected GIβ trajectories without taking the intervention. The solid curves are zoomed in to show the variations of the GIβ levels during the week after surgery. All of the other parameters here remain the same as those in Fig 2, except for those in the equation of X. Graph (a) illustrates that in contrast to the upsurge of glucose level after day 9300 without any intervention, the glucose levels are reduced to 100 mg/dl following surgery for one week. Graph (b) and (c) demonstrate the bariatric surgery can promptly halt the occurrence of beta-cell failure and insulin deficiency. Normal levels of insulin can be maintained after the first week.