Analysis of emergent patterns in crossing flows of pedestrians reveals an invariant of ‘stripe’ formation in human data
Fig 9
Boxplots for λ as estimated from the pattern matching technique.
λ is the spatial separation between two alternate stripes from the same group. (a) The boxplots were made over all the trials for obtained values of ,
and
at the instant when the periodicity of the two groups was best maintained.
,
and
are defined in Materials and methods. (b) Boxplots for the difference between obtained values of spatial separations from the whole-crowd and separate-group analyses under the pattern matching procedure. (c) Time-averaged difference of physical separation
, where
and
are the physical separations between stripes in a trial as estimated from the separate-group analysis using pattern matching technique.