Analysis of emergent patterns in crossing flows of pedestrians reveals an invariant of ‘stripe’ formation in human data
Fig 3
Schematic representation for the formation of stripes and definition of orientation γ and physical separation λ of stripes.
Formation of stripes as a consequence of two groups crossing each other. In this schematic diagram the crossing angle between the two groups is α. The figure has been shown for three instances viz. before crossing (T1), during crossing (T2) and after crossing (T3). The two groups before crossing are denoted by blue and red squares, whose direction of motion is denoted by arrows of the same color. The green dotted arrow denotes the bisector of the crossing angle. The orientation γ of the stripes is measured counter-clockwise from the bisector. λ is the spatial separation between two stripes from the same group. For specific definitions of γ and λ see Fig 6.