Uncertainty quantification in cerebral circulation simulations focusing on the collateral flow: Surrogate model approach with machine learning
Fig 6
Comparison of one-dimensional–zero-dimensional (1D–0D) simulation and surrogate model predictions.
The (A) flow rate, (B) pressure, (C) adjusted peripheral resistance of the circle of Willis, and (D) adjusted scaling factor for total peripheral resistance in seven patient-specific cases are compared. The negative flow rate indicates that the flow direction is opposite to the arrows in Fig 2. The R2 scores and mean absolute errors (MAEs) of each quantity are depicted in the corresponding panels.