Theoretical investigation of active listening behavior based on the echolocation of CF-FM bats
Fig 1
Pulse emission and reflective echo patterns of the simulation.
(A) Typical time–frequency structure of the echolocation pulse emitted by Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Nippon. (B) Schematic diagram of amplitude modulation of CF2 component in the simulated echo caused by virtual pinnae motions. In this example simulation, the left and right ear movements were assumed to exhibit anti-phase motions in pitch angle over ±15°. The hearing axis in the right ear rotates down-forward and then up-backward, while that in the left ear rotates in the inverse direction. The amplitude-modulated echo was simulated by assuming the object has an elevation angle of 30°.