A hybrid stochastic-deterministic approach to explore multiple infection and evolution in HIV
Fig 2
Neutral mutant evolution in the absence of synaptic transmission, comparing simulations with single infection only (N = 1, blue) and in the presence of multiple infection (N = 11, red).
The mean values are shown by the vertical lines (blue for single infection only and red for multiple infection). For both panels, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test between the two cases gives a p-value less than 10−6. A Number of cells infected with one of the single mutant strains. The average for single infection is approximately 3.7 × 105 and for multiple infection is approximately 7.6 × 105. B Number of cells infected with the double mutant strain. The average for single infection is approximately 271 and for multiple infection is approximately 551. Histograms represent 4 × 103 hybrid simulations with size threshold . Simulations in which infections are not established (or in the rare case a simulation does not reach the infected size threshold) are discarded. Simulations are stopped when the infected cell population is close to peak infection (6 × 108 cells). The other parameters are similar to Fig 1 (Fwild-type = 1, Fmutant = 1, μ = 3 × 10−5, λ = 1.59 × 107, β = 3.60 × 10−9, γ = 0, a = 0.45, d = 0.016, and R0 = 8).