Frank-Starling mechanism, fluid responsiveness, and length-dependent activation: Unravelling the multiscale behaviors with an in silico analysis
Fig 3
The half-sarcomere model describes the total force Fm produced by an active contractile element of length L (A). The crossbridges kinetic cycle is described with a 5-state model (B). The states highlighted in red correspond to attached crossbridges. Two of the rate constants, f and gd, are functions of the half-sarcomere length L (see Eqs 2–3).