Paranoia, self-deception and overconfidence
Fig 3
Self-deceptive responses occurred more with ambiguous images and are different between paranoia groups.
A, the high paranoia group self-deceived more on slightly less ambiguous images than the low paranoia group. B, the high paranoia group had elevated raw self-deception scores (percentage of self-deceptive responses). C, mean confidence on those self-deceptive trials was elevated in high paranoia participants. D, the confidence-weighted self-deception, which controls for individual variation in baseline-confidence, is higher in the high paranoia group. E, confidence-weighted self-deception is also elevated in the cooperation group relative to the competition group. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001.