Hybrid computational modeling demonstrates the utility of simulating complex cellular networks in type 1 diabetes
Fig 5
Validation of the ABM model using experimental findings.
(A) Survival of healthy β cells during individual-specific T1D progression. Five solid lines represent the enduring fraction of healthy β cells in 100 distinct simulation runs with the same initial setting (ni = 20 and meani ± SEMi, for i∈{1: Blue, 2: Black, 3: Green, 4: Magenta, 5: Red}; parameter values can be found in S1 and S5 Tables). The vertical dotted-dashed line represents week 12 after the simulation initialization. The horizontal dotted-dashed line (y = 0.3) denotes the remaining 30% of healthy β cells, about which overt T1D may occur. (B) Distribution of overt T1D development occurring during week 12 and week 20 in 100 simulation runs corroborating experimental data [45,73,74]. The horizontal axis represents the time required for developing overt T1D in-silico, and the vertical axis denotes the relative frequency of T1D incidence. It is important to note that T1D onset occurs in our simulations based on the assumption that the survival percentage of healthy β cells falls randomly within the range of 10% - 30% of the initial healthy β cells (the total number of β cells at the simulation step 0).