Hemodynamics-driven mathematical model of first and second heart sound generation
Fig 6
Relation between LV dp/dtmax and the first heart sound amplitude in simulations and reported experimental observations [26].
Conditions used in the experiment are: Aortic insufficiency, Aortic occlusion, Atropine, Artery occlusion, Epinephrine, Haemorrhage, Histamine, Isoprenaline, Methoxamine, Myocardial infarction, Norepinephrine, Phenylephrine, Pulmonary Rapid saline infusion, Pitressin, Veratridine, Venae cavae occlusion. BiVHF1-5: biventricular heart failure levels, LV dp/dt max: maximum of first derivative of left ventricular pressure, Ref: reference.