Multiscale model of defective interfering particle replication for influenza A virus infection in animal cell culture
Fig 3
Schematic depiction of the multiscale STV and DIP co-infection model.
(Top) The population level of infection describes growth and apoptosis of uninfected cells, their infection by either STVs or DIPs, the co-infection of STV-only infected and DIP-only infected cells, virus-induced apoptosis of all infected cells and the lysis of apoptotic cells. STVs are released from STV-only infected and co-infected cells, DIPs are only released from co-infected cells and both are cleared via virus degradation. (Bottom) Virus entry, nuclear import, viral RNA and protein synthesis, nuclear export and progeny virion release in STV-only infected cells and co-infected cells is simulated using the same intracellular model. Figure adapted from [29].