Ion dynamics at the energy-deprived tripartite synapse
Fig 7
Tipping in a bistable regime (A) and the change in tipping behavior by introducing pharmacological blockers (B).
In (A.1a and A.2a), we plot bifurcation diagrams with respect to Pmin for αe = 20% (realistic ECS) and αe = 80% (large ECS). Red curves are pathological branches, and blue curves are physiological branches. Dashed lines represent unstable parts. The only two relevant local bifurcations are limit point (star) and Hopf (inverted triangle). The inset shows two additional bifurcations, a pitchfork (dot) and a Hopf. We show two simulations (A.1b and A.2b), short ED (5 minutes, cyan curve) and long ED (15 minutes, pink curve), both for Pmin = 50%. In (B), we block different pathways during ED (green area, B.1, B.2 and B.3) and after restoration (green area, B.4). For (B.1–3), energy is deprived for 5 minutes for parameters αe = 80% and Pmin = 50%. In (B.4), energy is deprived for 15 minutes for parameters αe = 80% and Pmin = 50%.