Evolution to alternative levels of stable diversity leaves areas of niche space unexplored
Fig 8
Alternative metastable states for different levels of final diversity in individual-based simulations.
Points represent individuals at the end of each simulation. The surface shows the invasion fitness (per capita growth rate of a rare mutant) with positive invasion fitness displayed in orange and negative in blue. The maximum invasion fitness for each panel is displayed in the top right corner of the panel. All axes are displayed from -2 to 2. Simulations use a quartic carrying capacity with Kmax = 100 in the left column, Kmax = 200 in the middle columns, and Kmax = 400 in the right. All other parameters can be found in Table B in S1 Parameters.