Large vessels as a tree of transmission lines incorporated in the CircAdapt whole-heart model: A computational tool to examine heart-vessel interaction
Fig 7
A: Carotid arterial pressure- and flow velocity waveforms of the reference (REF–TL) and hypertensive (HYP–TL) simulations, and corresponding wave intensity traces. B: Normalised carotid arterial wave intensity traces of two patients (adapted from [31], with reference to type C- and A-waveforms). Abbreviations: dI+, dI− and dI denote forward-, backward-, and net wave intensity, respectively. FCW, BCW, FEW: forward compression wave, backward compression wave, and forward expansion wave, respectively.