Large vessels as a tree of transmission lines incorporated in the CircAdapt whole-heart model: A computational tool to examine heart-vessel interaction
Fig 5
CircAdapt–TL model simulated time courses of pressure and flow for the reference (REF–TL) simulation (left), and the hypertension (HYP–TL) simulation (right).
Curves display time courses of pressure (solid lines) and flow (dotted lines) of the left ventricle and large arteries; the right ventricle and pulmonary artery; the left atrium and pulmonary vein; and the right atrium and vena cava, respectively. Valve states (i.e. open or closed) are indicated. These have been determined exactly from the valve model orifice area data, not from the pressure or flow signals. AVC: aortic valve closed, AVO: aortic valve open, MVC: mitral valve closed, MVO: mitral valve open, PVC: pulmonary valve closed, PVO: pulmonary valve open, TVC: tricuspid valve closed, TVO: tricuspid valve open.