3D computational models explain muscle activation patterns and energetic functions of internal structures in fish swimming
Fig 3
(A & C,) Spatiotemporal distribution of the lateral force on the body for two periods from the simulation. The dashed black line indicates a zero-crossing (phase) of the force. (B & D) Comparison of the phase of the lateral force along the body from CFD (solid black line, the same as the dashed lines in A and C) with the phase of the negation of the velocity and the phase of the negation of the acceleration. A 2π term is added or subtracted to ensure continuity.