OpenSim: Simulating musculoskeletal dynamics and neuromuscular control to study human and animal movement
Fig 7
OpenSim facilitates defining anatomically accurate musculoskeletal models to reveal relationships between form and function.
In this study, Rankin et al. [12] built a detailed model of an ostrich (Struthio camelus) pelvic limb in OpenSim (A) and collected motion capture data to generate simulations of ostrich locomotion. The researchers generated simulations of running (navy blue) and walking (light blue) with compliant tendons, using the Computed Muscle Control Tool in OpenSim. For each muscle group, they computed the negative and positive work performed by the muscles during stance (B) and swing (not shown). The biarticular muscles crossing both the hip and knee performed largely positive work during stance, contributing to propulsion, while the knee extensors performed negative work, acting as brakes. Adapted from Rankin et al. [12].