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Active Vertex Model for cell-resolution description of epithelial tissue mechanics

Fig 10

Effects of alignment.

(a-c) are self-alignment of the cell polarisation with the cell velocity. (d) is self-alignment of the cell polarisation with the long axis of the cell. (a) A confined system in the solid-like region (f_a = 0.03, p₀ = 3.385, ), at alignment strength J_v = 1.0 shows oscillating collective modes. (b) In the liquid region (f_a = 0.1, p₀ = 4.4, ), the system enters a vortex rotation state instead (J_v = 1.0). (c) An open system at f_a = 0.1, p₀ = 4.4, , boundary line tension λ = 0.1 and J_v = 0.1 migrates collectively. (d) An open system at f_a = 0.1, p₀ = 3.95, , boundary line tension λ = 0.1 and alignment with cell shape with J_s = 1 migrates collectively with complex fluctuations. Arrows are cell velocity vectors v_i; they are coloured by the magnitude of v_x for (a) and v_y for (b-d). Orange is positive (pointing right/upwards) and blue is negative (pointing left/downward).

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005569.g010