Active Vertex Model for cell-resolution description of epithelial tissue mechanics
Fig 3
Schematic representation of the allowed and disallowed changes of the boundary in the AVM.
An initial configuration with the topology of a disk (a) is allowed to develop pronounced fingers (b). However, it is not possible to split into two domains (c) or develop a hole (d), which would both lead to the introduction of a new boundary lines, and therefore lead to changes in the topology.