Olfactory learning without the mushroom bodies: Spiking neural network models of the honeybee lateral antennal lobe tract reveal its capacities in odour memory tasks of varied complexities
Fig 2
Firing rate properties of the stimulated olfactory receptor neurons.
A) Simulated spontaneous and evoked spiking activity of a group of 36 olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) types for 1000 ms. The raster plot exhibits high spontaneous activity before and after the evoked activity of a stimulus (shown below with two active ligands) at times 250 ms and 750 ms. Multiple ORN types are activated by a single ligand. B) Firing rates of 3 different ORNs evoked by the odorant. These exemplary firing rates show a same odour stimulus excites (red) or inhibits (blue) olfactory receptor neurons, and some receptors are insensitive to the odour (green). ORN responses are dynamic and those sensitive ORNs fire most strongly at the stimuli onset. C) Mean and standard error (SE) of the firing rates of three different ORNs across 50 trials are plotted as a function of the ligand concentration which. Blue and red curves show how ligands of an odour suppress and activate the receptor's spike rate below and above the spontaneous activity. Error bars = SE.