Erroneous energy-generating cycles in published genome scale metabolic networks: Identification and removal
Fig 2
A simple (hypothetical) example of an energy generating cycle (EGC).
A symporter that exports a metabolite and a proton acts together with a transporter that takes the same metabolite up without a proton. A combination of both reactions builds up a proton gradient that can then be utilized to generate energy (e.g., via an ATP synthase).