The Evolutionary Origins of Hierarchy
Fig 3
Solving sub-problems is correlated with both hierarchy (left) and modularity (right).
The shape sizes and enclosed numbers indicate the number of networks at that coordinate (an empty shape indicates only one network is present). The Pearson’s correlation coefficient is 0.96 for hierarchy and 0.87 for modularity, indicating strong, linear, positive relationships. Both correlations are significant (p < 0.00001) according to a t-test with a correlation of zero as the null hypothesis.