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Discrete Element Framework for Modelling Extracellular Matrix, Deformable Cells and Subcellular Components

Fig 11

Influence of adhesion parameters on the shape of the buckle.

a) Weak BM adhesion (BMa) and weak cell-cell adhesion (CCa) ( = 1×10⁻¹¹ N/m, δ_BM = 0.1 μm, = 1x10^-11 N/m, δ_M = 0.1 μm). b) Weak BM adhesion and strong cell-cell adhesion ( = 1×10⁻¹¹ N/m, δ_BM = 0.1 μm, = 1x10^-9 N/m, δ_M = 0.3 μm). c) Strong BM adhesion and weak cell-cell adhesion ( = 1×10⁻⁹ N/m, δ_BM = 0.3 μm, = 1x10^-11 N/m, δ_M = 0.1 μm). d) Strong BM adhesion and strong cell-cell adhesion ( = 1×10⁻⁹ N/m, δ_BM = 0.3 μm, = 1x10^-9 N/m, δ_M = 0.3 μm). The adhesion parameters influence both the shape of the cells and the deformation of the epithelial layer.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004544.g011