Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Ontology Annotated 16S rRNA Profiles Identifies Beta Diversity Clusters of Environmental Bacterial Communities
Fig 6
PCoA plot (principal components 1 and 2) for the same samples as in Fig 4.
The scatter plot shows relatively cohesive and distinct ecosystems. While large studies often constitute the bulk of ecosystem clusters, detailed inspection shows support from further, smaller studies. Data points for certain ecosystems have been separated in the subgraphs b) to e). a) PCoA scatter plot including all samples from all environments. The first component largely separates human and and environmental samples, while the second component helps to identify clusters for soil, marine, freshwater and plant-associated samples. Misannotations of insect-associated samples (wrongly annotated as Soil) are shown in the red shape. b) The two main marine clusters, “Marine 1” and “Marine 2” (corresponding to the clusters in Fig 4 with the same name) are identifiable through the composite Ecosystem coloring: Marine sediments, shown in cyan/yellow mostly form “Marine 2” due to their dual membership in soil and marine environments; in contrast “Marine 1” samples are solely colored cyan. Hypersaline samples (red) appear widespread and non-cohesive. c) Fresh water samples, colored by Envo-ID. Several environments (freshwater biome, aquarium, freshwater lake) appear strongly related, while samples from permafrost and sinkholes are outliers. d) Plant samples split according to the two main contributing studies QiimeDB 1792 and 2019 respectively. Each cluster receives further support from small and medium sized studies. e) Soil samples. Composite environments form sub-clusters.