The Effect of Incentives and Meta-incentives on the Evolution of Cooperation
Fig 1
Illustration of meta-incentive game (MIG).
Four individuals are randomly drawn from the population and randomly assigned to one of four roles, recipient, donor, first-order player, and second-order player. In the first stage, the donor decides whether to help the recipient. In the second stage, the first-order player decides whether to provide an incentive for the donor; and in the last stage, the second-order player decides whether to provide an incentive to the first-order player.