Structural Similarities and Differences between Amyloidogenic and Non-Amyloidogenic Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP) Sequences and Implications for the Dual Physiological and Pathological Activities of These Peptides
Figure 2
Two opposite roles of hIAPP in T2D.
In T2D, over-nutrition and inactivity lead to a high demand for pancreatic β-cells to produce insulin and hIAPP, two hormones that play a critical role in lowering blood glucose. Whereas correctly folded insulin and hIAPP function to reduce blood glucose (left loop), the misfolded form of hIAPP is amyloidogenic and toxic to the β-cells (right loop). +: increase −: decrease.