Optimization of Muscle Activity for Task-Level Goals Predicts Complex Changes in Limb Forces across Biomechanical Contexts
Figure 10
Comparison of predicted fits to limb force data, computation time and control effort required for task-level optimal control formulations.
Controlling experimentally-derived muscle synergies predicts similar force outputs, but with reduced computation time and increased control effort compared to controlling individual muscles. A: comparison of fits to limb force data predicted by models MMe, SMe, and SMc. LH, left hindlimb; RF, right forelimb. Colors as in Figure 6. B: comparison of average computation time and average sum-squared left hindlimb muscle activation predicted by models MMe, SMe, and SMc. Muscle activation values for each cat are normalized to 100% of the amount predicted by model MMe in the preferred postural configuration.